When the R-O Relation Matters

Theories and Neurobiological Mechanisms

Theories of Reinforcement

Hull

Reinforcers satisfy the biological needs of the organism

Problems with Hull's approach

Circularity, implausible drives, drive reduction is not necessary

Premack

The theory

Implications

Evidence for the theory

In rats & children

Response deprivation theory (Timberlake & Allison)

Problems with Premack's approach

Difficult to quantify relative p

Sometimes a more likely R does not reinforce a less likely R

Proposed a schedule must deprive the organism of the consequent R

Evidence for response deprivation theory

Benefits of this approach

Avoids measurement problems

Neurobiological Mechanisms

Multiple memory systems view

Seeking double dissociations

Example: Performance in a T-maze (Packard)

Impact of lesioning hippocampus versus caudate

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