HISTORICAL PRECEDENTS-continued
Problems with the armchair approach
Structuralism
Edward Titchener (1867-1927)
Systematic introspection
Problems with systematic introspection
Pavlov (1849-1936)
Pavlovian conditioning (CS, CR, US, UR)
Basic phenomena
Stimulus generalization
Extinction
Second-order conditioning
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Prevailing views in early 1800s
Theory of evolution & its implications for learning
Introspection by analogy
Edward Thorndike (1874-1949)
Reacted against anthropomorphic interpretations
Trial and error learning
Distinctin between Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning
John Watson (1878-1958)
Behaviorist position
Rejection of the method of introspection
Emphasized publically verifiable data
