1. Grau, J. W. (1986). The central representation of an aversive event maintains the opioid and nonopioid forms of analgesia (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1985). Dissertation Abstracts International, 46, 4434B. Abstract.

2. Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1987). Lesions of the frontal cortex attenuate the analgesia observed after very brief, but not long, shocks. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 13, 990. Abstract.

3. Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1987). Decerebration blocks the analgesia observed after very brief, but not long, shocks. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 13, 990. Abstract.

4. Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1988). The impact of cholinergic drugs on mild shock-induced analgesia parallels their impact on memory. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 14, 709. Abstract.

5. Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1988). Intense, but not weak, shocks induce a transient nonopioid, and a long-lasting opioid, analgesia in spinal rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 14, 709. Abstract.

6. Illich, P. A., & Grau, J. W. (1989). Previously food deprived rats exhibit a naltrexone reversible increase in both reactivity to shock and shock-induced analgesia. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 15, 156. Abstract.

7. Biles, M. K., Illich, P. A., & Grau, J. W. (1989). Previously food deprived rats exhibit an exaggerated morphine analgesia. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 15, 847. Abstract.

8. Meagher, M. W., Grau, J. W., & King, R. A. (1989). Does a coulometric relation determine whether analgesia in the decerebrate rat is opioid or nonopioid in form? Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 15, 850. Abstract.

9. Salinas, J. A., Illich, P. A., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1989). Conditioned analgesia in the spinalized rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 15, 847. Abstract.

10. Salinas, J. A., Illich, P. A., & Grau, J. W. (1990). Latent inhibition and overshadowing of a conditioned antinociceptive response in the spinalized rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 16, 99. Abstract.

11. Biles, M. K., Barter, J. M., & Grau, J. W. (1990). Adrenalectomy and dexamethasone attenuate mild shock-induced analgesia. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 16, 99. Abstract.

12. Chen, P. S., Illich, P. A., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J.W. (1990). The impact of scopolamine on conditioned and shock-induced analgesia. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 16, 99. Abstract.

13. Biles, M. K., & Grau, J. W. (1991). A period of restraint is necessary to observe a strong opioid analgesia after mild shock or a low-dose of morphine in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 17, 110. Abstract

14. Chen, P. S., Illich, P.A., Meagher, M.W., & Grau, J. W. (1991). Impact of scopolamine and yohimbine on pain reactivity and shock-induced antinociception in spinalized rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 17, 1374. Abstract

15. Illich, P. A., Burks, K. D., & Grau, J. W. (1991). Associative learning of an antinociceptive response at the level of the spinal cord in intact rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 17, 1008. Abstract.

16. Grau, J. W., Illich, P. A., Burks, K. D., & Meagher, M. W. (1992). Influence of shock severity on the activation of analgesic systems in pentobarbital treated rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 18, 686. Abstract

17. Parker, C. W., Illich, P. A., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1992). Controllable, but not uncontrollable shock elicits an antinociception in spinalized rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 18, 1026. Abstract.

18. Illich, P. A., Parker, C. W., Burks, K. D., & Grau, J. W. (1992). Mild shock produces an unconditioned naltrexone-insensitive increase in reactivity on the vocalization magnitude and threshold tests. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 18, 1026. Abstract

19. King, T. E., Payne, M., & Grau, J. W. (1993). Evidence the tail-flick response is spinally mediated in rats irrespective of test temperature. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 19, 965. Abstract

20. Kallina, C. F., King, T. E., & Grau, J. W. (1993). A supra-threshold tail-flick trial induces hyperalgesia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats but not in awake rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 19, 966. Abstract

21. Barstow, D. G., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1993). The importance of equating flexion force when studying "instrumental learning" in spinalized subjects. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 19, 1001. Abstract

22. King, T. E., & Grau, J. W. (1994). Shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats: Behavioral properties. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 20, 762.

23. Joynes, R. L., Prentice, T. W., & Grau, J. W. (1994). Conditioned antinociception in the spinalized rat The role of nonassociative mechanisms. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 20, 762. Abstract

24. Prentice, T. W., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1994). The magnitude of shock-induced antinociception observed on the tail-flick test in rats depends on where radiant heat is applied. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 20, 764. Abstract

25. Barstow, D. G., Grau, J. W., Joynes, R. L., & Prentice, T. W. (1994). The relative contribution of shock onset (punishment) and offset (escape) to learning of a flexion response in the spinal rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 20, 787. Abstract

26. Joynes, R. L., Janjua, K. R., & Grau, J. W. (1995). Operant learning at the level of the spinal cord is blocked by the NMDA antagonist APV. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 21, 415. Abstract

27. King, T. E., Grau, J. W. (1995). Avoidance learning on the tail-flick test. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 21, 388. Abstract.

28. King, T. E., Joynes, R. L., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1996). Shock-induced hyperaglesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22, 120. Abstract

29. Grau, J. W., Joynes, R. L., Penland, H. R. (1996). Inescapable shock disrupts spinal learning: Evidence for spinal mediation and naltrexone reversibility. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22, 1840. Abstract

30. Joynes, R. L., & Grau, J. W. (1996). Conditioned antinociception in spinal rats: Associative learning versus protection from habituation. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22. Abstract

31. Joynes, R. L., McLemore, S., & Grau, J. W. (1997). Operant learning at the level of the spinal cord: Induction and retention. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23, 1041. Abstract

32. King, T. E., Joynes, R. L., Minke, D. E., Penland, H., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1997). Deep lesions of the frontal pole eliminate shock induced hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23, 161. Abstract

33. Joynes, R. L., & Grau, J. W. (1998). Noncontingent shock disrupts learning in spinal rats: Reversibility by intrathecal naltrexone during testing. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 24, 1152. Abstract

34. Sieve, A., King, T., Crown, E., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1998). The role of anxiety in shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 24, 1901. Abstract

35. Crown, E. D., King, T. E., Meagher, M. W., & Grau, J. W. (1998). Amydala lesions block shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 24, 1901. Abstract

36. McLemore, S., Crown, E. D., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (1998). Dorsolateral periaqueductal gray lesions eliminate shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 24, 1901. Abstract

37. Meagher, M. W., McLemore, S., King, T. E., & Grau, J. W. (1998). The generality of shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 24, 1901. Abstract

38. Joynes, R. L., & Grau, J. W. (1998). Noncontingent shock disrupts learning in spinal rats: Reversibility by intrathecal opioid antagonists during testing. Symposium on Spinal Cord Plasticity, UCLA, November, 1998. Abstract

39. Crown, E. D., Joynes, R. L., Ferguson, A. R., & Grau, J. W. (1998). Instrumental learning within the spinal cord: Exposure to noncontingent shock disrupts learning for at least 20 hours. Symposium on Spinal Cord Plasticity, UCLA, November, 1998. Abstract

40. Meagher, M. W., Crown, E. D., & Grau, J. W. (1999). Evidence inescapable shock produces hyperalgesia in rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 25, 688. Abstract

41. Crown, E. D., & Grau, J. W. (1999). Instrumental learning of a flexion resonse in spinalized rats: Evidence that prior learning facilitates acquisition on the contralateral leg. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 25, 2156. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

42. Ferguson, A., Crown, E., & Grau, J. W. (1999). Instrumental learning of a flexion response in spinalized rats: Evidence learning depends on the sciatic nerve. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 25, 2156. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

43. Grau, J. W., & Crown, E. D. (2000). Instrumental learning in spinalized rats: Characteristing the behavioral deficit observed after noncontingent shock. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 26, 2207. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

44. Ferguson, Crown, E. D., Dhruv, S., Washburn, S. N., & Grau, J. W. (2000). Instrumental learning in spinalized rats: The GABA antagonist bicuculline prevents the behavioral deficit observed after noncontingent shock. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 26, 2207. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

45. Crown, E. D., & Grau, J. W. (2000). Instrumental learning of a flexion response in spinalized rats: Evidence for behavioral immunization and therapy. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 26, 2207. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

46. Meagher, M. W., Crown, E. D., Patton, B., Ferguson, A. R., & Grau, J. W. (2000). Shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats: Dorsolateral funiculus lesions unveil hyperalgesia after long shock. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 26, 653. Abstract Poster (pdf file).

47. Sieve, A. N., Garcia, G., Crown, E. D., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M. W. (2000). Shock-induced hyperalgesia in rats: Evidence the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray is necessary but not sufficient. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 26, 653. Abstract

48. Grau, J. W., Garcia, G., Ferguson, A. R., Crown, E. D., & Miranda, R. C. (2001). Exposure to a nociceptive stimulus impairs recovery after a contusion injury. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 27, 2039. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

49. Ferguson, A. R., Crown, E. D., Washburn, S. N.., Miranda, R. C., & Grau, J. W. (2001). Instrumental learning in spinalized rats: Peripheral inflammation undermines behavioral potential in the spinal cord. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 27, 2202. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

50. Crown, E., Ferguson, A., Dhruv, S., Patton, B., & Grau, J. W. (2001). Descending noradrenergic systems protect spinal cord neurons from the deleterious effects of nociceptive stimulation. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 27, 2482. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

51. Crown, E.D., Grau, J.W. (2002). Descending serotonergic systems protect spinal cord neurons from the deleterious effects of nociceptive stimulation. Program No. 363.3. 2002 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

53. Hook, M.A., Garcia, G., Crown, E.D., Ferguson, A.R., Miranda, R.C., Grau, J.W. (2002). Uncontrollable nociceptive stimulation undermines locomoter recovery in spinally contused rats. Program No. 204.11. 2002 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (pfd file)

54. Liu, G.T., Crown, E.R., Miranda, R.C., Grau, J.W. (2002). Instrumental learning within the rat spinal cord: Localization of the essential neural circuit. Program No. 167.17. 2002 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

57. Bopp, A.C., Ferguson, A.R., Miranda, R.C., Grau, J.W. (2003). Blocking neural conduction rostral to an injury in rats has a protective effect that reduces the adverse consequences of nociceptive stimulation. Program No. 744.11. 2003 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster(pdf file)

58. Washburn, S.N., Grau, J.W. (2003). The kappa-2 opiod receptor agonist GR89696 produces a behavioral deficit in spinalized rats. Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (pfd file)

59. Ferguson, A. R., Hook, M. A., Garcia, G., Bresnahan, J.C., Beattie, M.S., Grau, J.W. (2003). A simple transformation that improves the metric properties of the BBB scale for rats with moderate to severe spinal cord injury. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (pdf file).

60. Patton, B.C., Hook, M.A., Crown, E.D., Ferguson, A. R., Grau, J.W. (2003). The behavioral deficit observed following uncontrollable shock in spinalized rats depends on protein synthesis. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract

61. Bolding, K.A., Hook, M.A., Ferguson, A.R., Grau, J.W. (2003). The general protein kinase C inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide-I, dose-dependently prevents a shock-induced behavioral deficit in spinalized rats. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract

62. Hook, M.A., Ferguson, A.R., Garcia, G., Washburn, S.N., Koehly, L. M., Grau, J. W. (2003) Monitoring recovery after injury: equal statistical power in half the time. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster(pdf) file

63. Bigbee, A. J., Crown, E.D., Ferguson, A.R., Shah, R., Roy, R., Tillakaratne, N., Tobin, A.J., Grau, J. W., Edgerton, V. R. (2003) Instrumental spinal learning is inhibited by unilateral, extensor-biased motor training in spinally transected rats. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C.: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract

64. Liu, G.T., Miranda, R. C., Wilkie, J. M., Washburn, S. N., Bolding, K. A., Hook, M.A., Crown, E. D., Ferguson, A. R., Grau, J. W. (2003) Exposure to uncontrollable nociceptive stimulation increases vulnerability to apoptosis in spinally transected rats. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2003. CD-ROM. Abstract

67. Washburn, S.N., Patton, B.C., Ferguson, A.R., & Grau, J.W. (2004) Exposure to uncontrollable stimulation during pentobarbital anesthesia has a long-term disruptive effect on spinal cord function. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2004. CD-ROM. Abstract

68. Gómez-Pinilla, F., Ying, Z., Ferguson, A., Crown, E., Edgerton, V.R., & Grau, J.W. (2004) BDNF supports spinal cord learning. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2004. CD-ROM. Abstract

69. Huie, J.R., Ferguson, A.R., & Grau, J.W. (2004) Instrumental learning in spinalized rats: neuropathic pain inhibits learning in the spinal cord. Abstract Viewer/ Itinerary Planner. Washington, D.C: Society for Neuroscience, 2004. CD-ROM. Abstract Poster (file PDF)

70. Ferguson, A.R., Hook, M.A., & Grau, J.W. (2004) Loss of learning in the spinal cord: Role of glutamate systems. National Neurotrauma Society, San Diego. Published in the Journal of Neurotrauma, 21, 1338. Abstract

71. Bopp, A.C., & Grau, J.W. (2004) Brain-Dependent Processes Contribute to the Adverse Consequences of Nociceptive Stimulation on Recovery of Function. National Neurotrauma Society, San Diego. Published in the Journal of Neurotrauma, 21, 1290. Abstract

72. Washburn, S.N., Hook, M.A., Ferguson, A.R., Crown, E.D., Garcia, G., Bolding, K.A., Miranda, R.C., & Grau, J.W. (2004) Uncontrollable stimulation undermines recovery of function after spinal cord injury. National Neurotrauma Society, San Diego. Published in the Journal of Neurotrauma, 21, 1291. Abstract

73. Hook, M.A., Huie, J.R., & Grau, J.W. (2005). Instrumental learning in spinalized rats: the induction of central sensitization undermines behavioral plasticity in the spinal cord. Program No. 783.12. 2005 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience.Abstract Poster (pdf file)

74. Huie, J.R., Gomez-Pinilla, F., Ying, Z., Edgerton, V.R., & Grau, J.W. (2005). BDNF enables learning in the rat spinal cord. Program No. 175.16. 2005 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience.Abstract Poster (pdf file)

75. Puga, D.A., Washburn, S.N., & Grau, J.W. (2005). Restraint stress has a negative impact on recovery of function after spinal cord injury in rats. Program No. 783.6. 2005 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

76. Washburn, S.N., Maultsby, M.L., & Grau, J.W. (2005). The K2 opioid receptor agonist GR89696 has both adverse and beneficial effects on spinal cord plasticity. Program No. 396.19. 2005 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Abstract

77. Hook, M.A., Joynes, R.L., Crown, E.D., Ferguson, A.R., & Grau, J.W. (2005). A rodent model of functional electrical stimulation: Evidence spinal neurons modulate adaptive capacity. Journal of Neurotrauma, 22, 1172. Abstract Poster (pdf file)

78. Hoy, K.C., Huie, J.R., Grau, J.W. (2006). Administration of the AMPA antagonist CNQX disrupts instrumental learning, and the induction of a learning deficit, in spinally transected rats. 2006 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience.Abstract

79. Puga, D., & Grau, J.W. (2006). Opponent consequences of intermittent and continuous stimulation within the rat spinal cord. 2006 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience.Abstract

80. Washburn, S.N., Prentice, T.W., Baldyen, R., Hudson, R., Hook, M.A., Miranda, R.C., & Grau, J.W. (2006). Uncontrollable shock disrupts recovery of function after contusion injury: Role of corticosterone. 2006 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Abstract

81. Baumbauer, K.M., Hoy, K.C., Seltlow, B., & Grau, J.W. (2006). Electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve results in a learning deficit in spinal rats. 2006 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience.Abstract

82. Good, E., Baumbauer, K.M., Carcoba, L.M., Meagher, M.W., & Grau, J.W. (2006). Administration of fluorocitrate blocks the acquisition of an instrumental response in spinal rats. 2006 Abstract Viewer/Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Abstract

83. Hook, M., Huie, J. R., Grau, J. W. Restoring the potential for behavioral plasticity after central sensitization in the spinal cord. Program No. 555.18. 2006 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Atlanta, GA: Society for Neuroscience, 2006. Online. Abstract

84. Huie, J. R., Hoy, K. C., Miranda, R., & Grau, J. W. BDNF facilitates learning in the rat spinal cord. Program No. 555.17. 2006 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Atlanta, GA: Society for Neuroscience, 2006. Online. Abstract

85. Hook, M., Washburn, S. N., Prentice, T. W., Balden, R., Miranda, R. C., & Grau, J. W. Morphine elevates corticosterone and IL-1B levels in a rat model of spinal contusion injury. Program No. 902.12. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

86. Baumbauer, K. M., Hoy, K. C., Huie, J. R., Puga, D. A., Setlow, B., & Grau, J. W. Nociceptive electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve results in a learning deficit in rats with complete spinal cord transections. Program No. 404.15. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

87. Huie, J. R., Hoy, K. C., Miranda, R. A., & Grau, J. W. Instrumental learning in the spinalized rat: A therapeutic effect of BDNF. Program No. 404.12. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

88. Washburn, S. N., Prentice, T. W., Baumbauer, K. M., Puga, D. A., Steelman, A. J., Welsh, C. J. R., Meagher, M. W., Miranda, R. C., & Grau, J. W. Uncontrollable shock disrupts recovery of function after contusion injury in rats: Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Program No. 600.2. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

89. Hoy, K. C., Huie, J. R., Baumbauer, K. M., & Grau, J. W. Administration of AMPA-receptor agonist AMPA disrupts instrumental learning in spinally transected rats. Program No. 404.13. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

90. Puga, D. A., Washburn, S. N., & Grau, J. W. Continuous shock to the rat spinal cord induces an antinociceptive response that is mediated by mu and kappa opioid receptors. Program No. 404.16. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract

91. Vichaya, E. G., Baumbauer, K. M., Grau, J. W., & Meagher, M .W. The effect of minocycline on a rat model of spinal instrumental learning. Program No. 404.14. 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2007. Online. Abstract